重载运算符
您可以重新定义或重载F#中提供的大多数内置运算符。 因此,程序员也可以使用具有用户定义类型的运算符。
运算符是用括号括起来的特殊名称的函数。 它们必须定义为静态类成员。 与任何其他函数一样,重载运算符具有返回类型和参数列表。
以下示例显示了复数上的+运算符
//overloading + operator
static member (+) (a : Complex, b: Complex) =
Complex(a.x + b.x, a.y + b.y)
上述函数为用户定义的类Complex实现了加法运算符(+)。 它添加两个对象的属性,并返回结果Complex对象。
执行运算符重载
以下程序显示了完整的实现
//implementing a complex class with +, and - operators
//overloaded
type Complex(x: float, y : float) =
member this.x = x
member this.y = y
//overloading + operator
static member (+) (a : Complex, b: Complex) =
Complex(a.x + b.x, a.y + b.y)
//overloading - operator
static member (-) (a : Complex, b: Complex) =
Complex(a.x - b.x, a.y - b.y)
// overriding the ToString method
override this.ToString() =
this.x.ToString() + " " + this.y.ToString()
//Creating two complex numbers
let c1 = Complex(7.0, 5.0)
let c2 = Complex(4.2, 3.1)
// addition and subtraction using the
//overloaded operators
let c3 = c1 + c2
let c4 = c1 - c2
//printing the complex numbers
printfn "%s" (c1.ToString())
printfn "%s" (c2.ToString())
printfn "%s" (c3.ToString())
printfn "%s" (c4.ToString())
当你编译和执行程序,它产生以下输出
7 5
4.2 3.1
11.2 8.1
2.8 1.9